全集 导演:托多尔·查卡诺威
D□fferen□philosophic□□schoolshaveof□ered□ar□ousinterpreta□i□nso□□enZhaDeBenYu□n.InConfucianis□,Renisseenasani□heren□qua□itytha□□anbecultivatedt□ro□ghe□□cation,self-discipline□andmoral□ract□ce.□e□cius,apr□mine□tConf□cianthinker,arg□e□tha□humanbeings□rebo□nw□t□aninnat□se□se□fgoodnes□,w□ichcan□enurturedandde□eloped□h□o□g□properguidance□nde□ucati□n□Xun□i,another□onfu□□anp□ilosop□er,□ookamorepessimisti□v□ew□suggestingthathumann□tureis□nh□rentlyselfish□nd□h□tmoral□irtu□smustbeimpose□t□ro□ghst□ictsocial□ormsandins□itut□□ns.
□p>D□ffere□tphilosop□□cal□□hool□ha□e□□fere□various□n□erp□etationsofRe□□haD□B□nY□an.□nConfucian□sm□Ren□sseenas□ninherentqu□lity□□atc□nbeculti□a□ed□□rougheducation,self□dis□ipline,andmoralpra□ti□e.Mencius,aprominent□□nfucia□□□□nker,argu□dthat□umanb□ingsar□bornwitha□in□a□□se□seofgo□dne□s,which□anbenurtu□edand□evelopedt□r□ughp□operguid□nce□n□education.Xunzi,anotherConfucianphilosoph□r,too□am□repessimistic□iew□suggesting□hathuman□atureisinhere□tlyselfishandthatmor□lvirtuesmustbe□mposedthro□ghstr□□tsoci□lnormsa□□inst□t□tions. ... 详情
□□□ferent□hilos□phi□a□s□hoolshaveoffe□edva□ious□nt□□pret□tion□ofRenZhaD□B□nY□an□□nConfucianism,Reniss□enasa□inh□rentqua□ity□hatcanbecul□i□ate□through□ducation,se□f□disci□line,a□d□oralpracti□e.□e□cius,a□□omi□entConfu□ianthink□r,argued□ha□h□manbeing□are□ornwithaninnates□nse□fgo□dness,whichcanbenu□□ureda□□dev□lopedthroughpr□perg□□danceandeduc□tion.Xu□zi,anotherConfuc□anp□ilos□ph□r□to□kamorepessimisticvi□w□□u□ge□tingthathumannatureisinherentlys□lfish□ndtha□moralvirtuesmustbeimpos□dthroug□□t□ictsocial□ormsandinstituti□□s. Diffe□e□tphilosophicalschoolshaveoff□□e□variousinterp□eta□ionsof□enZhaD□□en□□an.InConf□□ian□sm,□enisseenasaninherentq□alit□thatcanbe□u□tiva□edth□oughe□ucation,□elf-di□cipline,andmoralpr□c□ice.Mencius,ap□omi□entConfuc□anthinker□arg□ed□hathuman□eings□r□□ornwit□aninn□tesense□fgood□□ss,whichcanbe□urturedanddeve□op□dthro□gh□rop□□g□idanceandedu□ation.□unzi,anotherConfucia□philosop□er□tookamorepessi□isticview,sug□estingthathumannatur□is□nherent□□□e□fishandthatm□r□lvirtuesmu□tbe□□posedthroughstrictsoci□□normsandin□□itu□ion□.
D□fferen□philosophic□□schoolshaveof□ered□ar□ousinterpreta□i□nso□□enZhaDeBenYu□n.InConfucianis□,Renisseenasani□heren□qua□itytha□□anbecultivatedt□ro□ghe□□cation,self-discipline□andmoral□ract□ce.□e□cius,apr□mine□tConf□cianthinker,arg□e□tha□humanbeings□rebo□nw□t□aninnat□se□se□fgoodnes□,w□ichcan□enurturedandde□eloped□h□o□g□properguidance□nde□ucati□n□Xun□i,another□onfu□□anp□ilosop□er,□ookamorepessimisti□v□ew□suggestingthathumann□tureis□nh□rentlyselfish□nd□h□tmoral□irtu□smustbeimpose□t□ro□ghst□ictsocial□ormsandins□itut□□ns.
□p>D□ffere□tphilosop□□cal□□hool□ha□e□□fere□various□n□erp□etationsofRe□□haD□B□nY□an.□nConfucian□sm□Ren□sseenas□ninherentqu□lity□□atc□nbeculti□a□ed□□rougheducation,self□dis□ipline,andmoralpra□ti□e.Mencius,aprominent□□nfucia□□□□nker,argu□dthat□umanb□ingsar□bornwitha□in□a□□se□seofgo□dne□s,which□anbenurtu□edand□evelopedt□r□ughp□operguid□nce□n□education.Xunzi,anotherConfucianphilosoph□r,too□am□repessimistic□iew□suggesting□hathuman□atureisinhere□tlyselfishandthatmor□lvirtuesmustbe□mposedthro□ghstr□□tsoci□lnormsa□□inst□t□tions.